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1 |
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August |
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1714
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Death of Queen Anne; George I, Elector of Hanover becomes King.
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1 |
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August |
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1747 |
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Act of Proscription of Tartan that followed the
1745 Rising.
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2 |
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August |
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1922
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Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone, died in
Nova Scotia.
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3 |
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August |
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1460
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James II
killed by an exploding cannon at the siege of Roxburgh
Castle.
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3 |
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August |
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1573
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Sir William Kirkcaldy of Grange executed, after defending
Edinburgh Castle on behalf of Mary Queen of Scots from May 1568
to May 1573.
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4 |
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August |
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1900 |
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Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, the future Queen Elizabeth, the Queen
Mother, born.
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5 |
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August |
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1305 |
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Sir William Wallace betrayed and handed over to the English.
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5 |
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August |
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1388 |
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Battle of Otterburn in which Scots defeat Henry Percy, (Hotspur)
but James, Earl Douglas, died out of sight of his army.
"A dead man won the field".
Sir John
Sinclair, Sir Walter Sinclair and Sir James Lindsay took up
the dying Douglas's banner and went back into the battle crying
"Douglas".
Tom Steel, Scotland's Story ISBN 0006370039 p 57
(English sources say the
battle was on 19th August:
John Sadler, Border Fury, England and Scotland at War 1296-1568
ISBN 1405840226 p 275.)
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6 |
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August |
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1881 |
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Sir Alexander Fleming, discoverer of penicillin, born.
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7 |
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August |
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1548 |
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The young Mary Queen of Scots
sailed from Dumbarton Castle to Roscoff, France, following
the
Treaty of Haddington, which betrothed her to
Francis, the Dauphin of France.
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8 |
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August |
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1503 |
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James IV
married Margaret Tudor, daughter of Henry VII of
England. The marriage was known as the Union of the Thistle and
the Rose.
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9 |
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August |
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1757
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Thomas Telford, the civil engineer born in Westerkirk,
near Dumfries.
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10 |
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August |
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1460 |
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James III
crowned at Kelso Abbey.
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11 |
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August |
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1306
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Battle of Dalry. Robert the Bruce
defeated by John MacDougall of Lorne, kinsman of John Comyn.
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11 |
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August |
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1892 |
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Hugh MacDiarmid (Christopher Murray Grieve)
born in Langholm in
Dumfriesshire.
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12 |
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August |
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1332
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Battle of Dupplin Moor near Perth in which Edward Balliol
defeated the Regent, Earl of Mar.
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12 |
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August |
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1990 |
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Roy Williamson, Scottish folk musician and songwriter, died.
A founder member of the folk group,
"The
Corries", for whom he wrote the song which has since become
Scotland's unofficial National Anthem,
"Flower of Scotland".
The Corries
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13 |
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August |
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1888 |
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John Logie Baird, inventor of the first television, born in
Helensburgh.
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14 |
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August |
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1040 |
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Duncan I killed in battle at
Pitgaveny leading his army against
Macbeth.
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14 |
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August |
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1863 |
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Sir Colin Campbell died. He commanded the 93rd
Sutherland Highlanders as the
"Thin Red Line" at the Battle of Balaclava.
Colin Campbell, Field Marshal Lord Clyde
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15 |
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August |
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1057 |
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Macbeth
killed in battle with
Malcolm Canmore at
Lumphanan.
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15 |
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August |
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1645 |
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The Battle of Kilsyth. James Graham, the Marquis of
Montrose, defeated General Baillie's Covenanter Army at
Colzium, Kilsyth.
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15 |
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August |
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1771 |
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Sir Walter Scott born to a Walter Scott , a Writer to the
Signet, and Anne (née Rutherford)
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15 |
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August |
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1822 |
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George IV
arrived at Leith on board "The Royal George" at the start of
his visit to Edinburgh. His visit to Scotland was organised by
Sir Walter Scott, and led to a revival of interest in Scotland.
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15 |
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August |
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1916 |
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Wing Commander Gordon Sinclair, who commander "A" Flight No
310 Squadron, the first Czech Unit formed in the UK, during
the
Battle of Britain, born. He died in 2005.
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15 |
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August |
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1945 |
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VJ Day.
Victory over Japan.
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16 |
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August |
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1445 |
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Margaret Stewart, daughter of James I and Lady Joan
Beaufort, died in Châlons. She had married Louis XI son of
Charles VII and Maria d'Anjou on 24 June 1436 in Tours
Cathedral.
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16 |
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August |
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1766 |
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Carolina Oliphant, Baroness Nairne,
born. Writing as Mrs Bogan of Bogan she adapted Scottish
airs, many with Jacobite themes, and amongst her most popular
are
"Charlie is my darling" and
"Will ye no come back again?".
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17 |
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August |
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1424 |
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Battle of Verneuil sur Avre during the Hundred Years War.
French and Scottish forces were defeated by the English with
losses of around 9,000 and John Stewart, Earl of Buchan and Sir
Archibald Douglas were killed along with many French nobles. In
France this is considered by some as important as
Agincourt.
Les Valois directs
Multimap.com Verneuil
sur Avre
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17 |
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August |
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1560 |
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The Scottish Parliament ratifies the
25 Articles of the Scots Confession, leading the way to the
Scottish Reformation. 2010 is the 450th Anniversary.
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17 |
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August |
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1876 |
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James Eric Drummond, 7th Earl of Perth, born. He was a
diplomat and the first General Secretary of the League of
Nations.
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17 |
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August |
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2010 |
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Bill Millin, piper to Lord Lovat at D Day, died, aged 88.
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18 |
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August |
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1746 |
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Arthur Elphinstone, Lord Balmerino, was beheaded at Tower
Hill for his part in the
'45 Rising. On the scaffold he said "I am afraid
there are some who may think my behaviour bold;" and,
speaking to a gentleman near him, added, "Remember, sir, what
I tell you; it arises from a confidence in God, and a clear
conscience."
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18 |
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August |
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1864 |
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Elsie Inglis, Scottish Suffragette, born.
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19 |
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August |
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1560 |
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James Crichton
"The Admirable Crichton", scholar, soldier and adventurer,
born.
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19 |
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August |
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1646 |
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Alexander Henderson, Presbyterian theologian, died. He
was instrumental in establishing
Presbyterianism as the
Church of Scotland and the adoption of the
National Covenant.
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19 |
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August |
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1745 |
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Prince Charles Edward Stuart
"The Young Pretender" raised his Standard at
Glenfinnan at the start of the
'45 Rising.
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19 |
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August |
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1808 |
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James Nasmyth, engineer and inventor and builder of the
first steam hammer, born.
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20 |
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August |
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1560 |
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Mary Queen of Scots
lands at Leith.
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20 |
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August |
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1940 |
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In 2010 the 20th August has been chosen as the date to mark the
70th Anniverary of The Battle of the Britain, as it was on
this day in 1940 that
Winston Churchill made
his speech containing the famous line "Never in the field of
human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few".
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21 |
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August |
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1689 |
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Battle of Dunkeld. The Jacobite Highlanders victory at
Killiecrankie
was shortlived as they
were defeated by the newly formed
Cameronians
at Dunkeld.
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21 |
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August |
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1754 |
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William Murdoch (aka Murdock), inventor of coal-gas
lighting,
born at New Cumnock, Ayr.
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21 |
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August |
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1930 |
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Princess Margaret, daughter of the future George VI
and Queen Elizabeth, born at
Glamis
Castle.
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22 |
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August |
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1138 |
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The
Battle of the Standard was fought near Northallerton,
Yorkshire. The battle was fought as part of
David I's support for
Matilda, a claimant of the English throne.
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22 |
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August |
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1642 |
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Charles I
raised his Standard at Nottingham at the start of the Civil
War.
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23 |
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August |
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1305 |
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The execution
Sir William Wallace, hanged, drawn and quartered at
Smithfield, London. The site is marked by a memorial on
the wall of St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield.
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23 |
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August |
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1582 |
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The Ruthven Raid.
James VI was abducted by dissident nobles including the
Earls of
Gowrie, Mar and Glencairn who wished to remove the king and
government from the influence of theDuke of Lennox and James
Stuart, the Earl of Arran, by imprisoning him in Ruthven Castle.
A Short History of Scotland, by Andrew Lang on Undiscovered
Scotland: XXII: Reign of James VI
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24 |
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August |
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1198 |
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Alexander II
born in Haddington, Lothian.
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24 |
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August |
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1482 |
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Berwick-upon-Tweed
was officially declared part of England after changing hands on
numerous occasions in the past. It
received special mention in government documents along with
England and Scotland. In 1856 Britain signed a peace treaty with
Russia after the Crimean War but
Berwick-on-Tweed was omitted. The town was technically at
war with Russia for the next 113
years until peace was declared in 1966.
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24 |
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August |
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1560 |
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The Scottish Parliament passed a law establishing the
Scottish Reformation and the
Church of Scotland,
presbyterian in government. 2010 is the 450th Anniversary.
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24 |
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August |
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1682 |
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John Maitland, Duke of Lauderdale, Scottish politician,
died. He was Charles II's deputy in Scotland.
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24 |
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August |
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1947 |
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First Edinburgh International Festival.
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25 |
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August |
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1330 |
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Battle of Teba The Real "Braveheart" event.
Robert the Bruce had always wanted to take part in the
Crusades. In accordance with his wishes his
embalmed heart was taken to Spain by Sir James Douglas,
known as "The Black Douglas" and
Sir William St Clair and his brother John. At the
Battle Douglas hurled the casket containing Bruce's heart into
the Moorish ranks, called out "Go brave heart and we, your
knights will follow" and charged.
The village of Teba in the Malaga province, Andalucía, Southern
Spain
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25 |
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August |
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1819 |
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James Watt, developer of the steam engine,
died.
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25 |
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August |
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1875 |
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John Buchan, novelist and statesman who served as Governor
General of Canada died.
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25 |
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August |
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1930 |
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The actor,
Sir Sean Connery, was born in the Fountainbridge area of
Edinburgh.
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25 |
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August |
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1942 |
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The Duke of Kent and all
but the rear gunner Flt/Sgt Andrew Jack were killed when his
Sunderland Flying Boat W4026
crashed
into the Eagle's Rock, near Berriedale, Caithness.
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26 |
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August |
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1612 |
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George Sinclair and most of his company of Caithness soldiers
killed in an ambush at
Kringen, Gudbrandsdalen, Norway. They
were part of a larger force led by Alexander Ramsay. Only 134
out of 550 survived. George Sinclair is the name that stands out
in Norwegian history.
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26 |
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August |
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1875
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John Buchan, novelist and statesman who served as Governor
General of Canada born in Perth.
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27 |
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August |
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1472 |
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Pope Sixtus IV's Bull erected the See of St. Andrews into an
archbishopric, and its cathedral into the metropolitan church
for the whole of Scotland.
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27 |
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August |
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1748 |
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James Thomson, Poet and author of "Rule Britannia" died.
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27 |
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August |
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1784 |
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James Tytler made the first hot air balloon flight in
Britain, ascending some 300 feet from Comely Garden and landing
in Restalrig Road.
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28 |
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August |
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1296 |
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Edward I of England held a "parliament" at Berwick and
required all prominent Scots to swear allegiance to him.
Their names were recorded in the
"Ragman Roll", so called, it is believed, from the
tangle of seals attached thereto. (There was an earlier "Ragman
Roll" in 1291.)
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28 |
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August |
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1455 |
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The title
Earl of Caithness was conferred upon Sir William Sinclair
(St Clair), Lord Sinclair, 3rd Earl of Orkney by
James II. He was also the builder of Rosslyn Chapel.
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28 |
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August |
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1640 |
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The Battle of Newburn on Tyne. An experienced Scots Army
under Alexander Leslie, the Earl of Leven defeated a smaller and
less experienced English force, during the Second Bishops' War,
as a result of Charles I's attempt to impose the Anglican
Prayer Book in Scotland.
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29 |
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August |
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1797 |
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12 demonstrators against Militia recruitment are killed by the
Cinque Ports Dragoons at
Tranent.
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29 |
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August |
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1930 |
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The last 36 inhabitants
leave
St Kilda.
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30 |
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August |
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1856 |
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Sir John Ross, Scots Arctic Explorer died.
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31 |
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August |
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1805 |
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Dr James Currie, biographer of Robert Burns, died.
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